Marbleizing paper



app y Patented Apr.- 6 192 6; UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSE! LECJ'A KY. OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO JOSEPH SEC, OF NEWYORK, N. Y.

mamsnnrzme PAPER.

No Drawing".

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Joser LECJAKY, a citizen of the CzechoslovakRepublic, and resident of New York city, in the county of New York andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMarbleizing Paper, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method ofmarbleizing paper, and b the term marbleizing I mean the app ication ofone or more colors to the paper in such manner as to produce the variedcolor distribution onthe paper characteristic of, or analogous to thatpossessed by ordinary marbled or mottled papers.

My novel. method is broadly characterized by the treatment of the paperwith two liquid agents, one or both of which contains coloringv matterof a dBSlIBdCOlOIQ bY first coating the surface in a substantiallyuniform manner with one of the liquid agents and then, before thiscoating dries, the second agent to the surface at localized pointsthereof, the two agents being of such a character that they reactchemically as distinguished from a mere dissolving effect, to spread ordraw the color over the paper and thereby'vary the color distributionover the portions of the paper wet by the two agents. When each of theagents contains coloring matter different from that in the other, atwo-color effect is obtained; A multiple color effect can also beobtained by the application at localized points of two or more differentliquid agents each containing a different coloring matter.

In a simple practical mode of carrying out the present invention ofmarbleizing a paper sheet, the sheet is supported on a table and has itsupper surface wet in a substantially uniform manner by a walnut crystalsolution containing a non-acid aniline or tar dye, applied by means of asponge or brushes, and then a solution of potassium hydrate is2 sprayedonto the wetted paper. Each drop of potassium hydrate I thus sprayedonto the paper spreads, and in spreading carries with it more or less ofthe coloring matter in the coating first applied to the paper, thusproducing a characteristic marbled effect, the marble tracings thusformed varying accordingly as the supporting table is horizontal orinclined. Practically any paper containing not more than Applicationfiled March 15, 1924. Serial No. 699,563.

I 20% or 30% of mechanical wood pulp can be marbleized in accordancewith the present invention, but the paper should be thoroughly sizedbefore being marbleized. The marbleized paper may be originally white,or of any other color not too dark to unduly obscure the marbleizingeffect. When the paper is thus already colored the number of colors, inthe finished product is correspondingly increased. I e

The Walnut crystals mentioned above are formed by boiling thecarbonaceous humic acid containing material known as Cassel brow-n, ina40% solution of potassium carbonate or sodium hydrate in water, toevaporate the Water in the solution. crystal solution'is formed byadding to water from 1% to 5% of walnut crystals, decanting the solutionthereby formed, and adding ordinarily from 1% 'to 5% of powdered orcrystallin non-acid aniline or tar dye of the desired color. Practicallyany non-acid aniline or tar dye soluble in water may be used, and thequantity of the dye employed depends upon the effectiveness of the dyeand the intensity of color desired. The potassium hydrate solutionemployed is of the strength obtained by dissolving from 2 to 10 grammesof potassium hydrate in a liter of water.

In lieu of potassium hydrate as the agent applied to distributed pointsof the paper surface still wet by the walnut crystal solution, I mayemploy other saline solutions, as solutions of potassium carbonate,potassium phosphate (IQI-IPOQ, sodium hydrate. sodium {carbonate andsodium phosphate (NA HPOQ act in about the same way as potassium hydratewhen used as above described, except that with the sodium or potassiumphosphate solutions larger marble spots are produced.

In lieu of spraying the color wet paper with a solution which, likethose above specified, tend to disperse the color, I may spray the wetpaper with a solution of Roman alum (($0 AlK), which tends toconcentrate the color and produce a sort of starred effect.

Whether the material sprayed on the color wet paper has a colordispersing effect as The walnut 2 aeveeve The general principles of theinvention as above described may be employed in modified form or inconjunction with addicloud papers covered with tw0,-..or three, or

more colors, I advantageously proceed by first coating the paper asbefore with a walnut crystal solution containing the basic color dye,which in this-case must obviously be'of a relatively light shade, andthen spray the wetted surface with an additional coloring agent, orspray it successively with two or more additional color containingliquids, after which I spray the paper with the saline color spreadingagent, which in this case is preferably sodium or potassium phosphaterather than the oth'ersodium and potassium containing substancesmentioned above. The

additional color containing liquid or liquids used in this form of theinvention are preferably each formed by adding a non-acid aniline or tardye of the desired color to a solution formed by dissolving walnutcrystals and hard soap in water, the constituents of the solution beingin or about the ratio, of 10 parts of walnut crystals, 10 parts of. dye,1 to 2 parts of hard soap and 1,000 parts of water. 1 The quantity ofhard soap specified is based on the assumption that the soap is dry. Theexcess fat in the hard soap enhances the colordistributing effect of thereaction between the other agents employed.

In lieu of first coating the paper with a walnut crystal solution andthereafter spraying the wetted surfacewith a saline agent "reacting withthe walnut crystal solution to spread the color, I may first wet thepaper uniformly with the saline agent and then spray the wetted surfacewith the walnut crystal solution. In preparing mottled papers with thisreversal of steps, the saline agent may well be a sodium phosphatesolution of the-strength formed by dissolving 10 parts of sodiumphosphate in 1,000 parts of water and the walnut crystal solutionsprayed on the wetted surface may advantageously beformed by dissolvingparts of walnut crystals, and at east 50 parts of a non-acid aniline orcoal tar dye of relatively strong coloring, and from 2 to? parts of hardsoap, in 1,000 parts of water.

I may use a solution of potassium or sodium hydroxide instead of awalnut crystal solution and secure somewhat the same efiects as areobtained by proceeding in the modes above described, but I prefer theuse of the walnut crystal solutions, as such a solution forms a goodmordant and the color of the undyed walnut crystal solution isordinarily beneficial rather than otherwise so far as the ultimate coloreffect produced is concerned. Moreover, the colors produced when thewalnut crystal solutions are employed after once drying are practicallywater proof, arobably due to the presence of humic acid in Cassel brown,whereas when the walnut crystal solution is replaced by a solution ofpotassium or sodium hydrate, the dried color effects produced are notwater proof and the colored papers .must be shellacked or otherwisetreated to make them water proof.

. Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

i 1. The method of marbleizing a paper surface which consists in coatingthe surface with one liquid agent and then, before the coating dries,applying a. second liquid agent to said surface at localized pointsthereof, one or both of said agents containing coloring matter and oneof said agents including a small quantity of hard soap and the twoagents chemically co-operating to "ary the distribution of said coloringmatter on the portions of .the surface wetted by both of.

said agents.

2. The method of marbleizing a paper surface by means of two liquidagents, one of which is a walnut crystal solution while the other is asaline solution and one or both of which contains a non-acid aniline orcoal tar dye, by first wetting said surface with one of said agents andthen applying the other agentto said surface at localized pointsthereof.

, 3. The method of marbleizing paper which consists in wetting thesurface of the paper with a colored walnut crystal solu' tion, sprayingonto the wetted paper a second walnut crystal solution of a differentcolor and containing dissolved hard soap, and finally spraying the paperwith a potassium or sodium phosphate solution.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, this lath day of March, A. D. 1924.

JOSEF LECJAKY.

